从政府工作报告看2018年经济社会发展八大走向-7411威尼斯
发布时间：
2018-03-08
提交十三届全国人大一次会议审议的政府工作报告，勾勒出今年经济社会发展的八大走向。 经济发展转向“高质量”一边是经济发展稳中向好、好于预期，一边是发展不平衡不充分的突出问题仍未解决。报告从推进高质量发展的角度出发，合理设置发展预期、优化财政资源配置。以国内生产总值(gdp)和财政赤字率为例。今年我国gdp增长目标设置在6.5%左右，拟安排2.38万亿元财政赤字，赤字率较上一年回调0.4个百分
提交十三届全国人大一次会议审议的政府工作报告，勾勒出今年经济社会发展的八大走向。
经济发展转向“高质量”
一边是经济发展稳中向好、好于预期，一边是发展不平衡不充分的突出问题仍未解决。报告从推进高质量发展的角度出发，合理设置发展预期、优化财政资源配置。以国内生产总值(gdp)和财政赤字率为例。今年我国gdp增长目标设置在6.5%左右，拟安排2.38万亿元财政赤字，赤字率较上一年回调0.4个百分点到2.6%，赤字规模维持不变。
全国政协委员、国家行政学院经济学教研部主任张占斌认为，这些指标背后，保持经济运行在合理区间的同时，我国更加注重就业、物价、居民收入和环境改善等效益指标，同时更加注重防范化解重大风险，体现了高质量发展的要求。
改革直指“新突破”
无论是推进国有企业优化重组和央企股份制改革，还是深化财税体制改革、推进中央与地方财政事权和支出责任划分改革，或是健全地方税体系、稳妥推进房地产税立法……报告对基础性关键领域改革作出一系列安排。
专家指出，报告提出的改革，无一不是“硬骨头”，难啃，又必须啃。
全国政协委员、中国财政科学研究院院长刘尚希说，改革越是到了深水区，越是需要战略定力和耐心。实施好关键领域的改革，中国就能继续开创和巩固质量效益明显提高、稳定性和可持续性明显增强的发展新局面。
制造强国建设“快步伐”
报告部署集成电路、第五代移动通信、飞机发动机、新能源汽车、新材料等产业发展，明确将创建“中国制造2025”示范区，在大幅压减工业生产许可证的同时，全面开展质量提升行动。
全国人大代表、浪潮集团董事长孙丕恕表示，打造优质产品是高层次供给补短板的重要途径，政府工作报告提出加快制造强国建设、破除无效供给，将推动供给侧质量得到进一步提升，促进中国制造加快迈向中高端。
跑出中国创新“加速度”
创新是引领发展的第一动力。报告提出改革科技管理制度，使绩效评价加快从重过程向重结果转变；对承担重大科技攻关任务的科研人员，采取灵活的薪酬制度和奖励措施。同时，我国还将推进“双创”示范基地建设，打造“双创”升级版。
全国人大代表、安徽省科技厅副厅长罗平说，报告提出的一系列创新政策说到了科技工作者的心坎里。解决好政策落地“最后一公里”的问题，可以更好地激发各类创新主体的创新活力，加快创新型国家建设步伐。
消费投资盯紧“新需求”“新变化”
从老百姓日常网购“买买买”，到出门旅游“逛逛逛”，乃至二手车消费，今年的报告，不只阐述宏观政策，也关注每个人的“钱袋子”。
中国国际经济交流中心首席研究员张燕生说，报告一系列细致入微的部署，凸显出党和政府顺应居民需求新变化，推进消费升级，增强消费对经济发展的基础性作用。
乡村发展瞄准“新动能”
新增高标准农田8000万亩以上、落实第二轮土地承包到期后再延长30年的政策、新建改建农村公路20万公里、推进“厕所革命”……
报告提出，2018年我国将大力实施乡村振兴战略，包括推进农业供给侧结构性改革、全面深化农村改革、推动农村各项事业全面发展等方面。
全国人大代表、陕西省山阳县南宽坪镇安家门村党支部书记宁启水说，实施乡村振兴战略，农村基础设施建设非常重要，路通了、电网升级改造到位、电视和通信设施全覆盖，农村的产业发展就能更顺畅。
生态保护“攻坚战”持续加力
如何巩固蓝天保卫战成果？报告作出一系列部署：今年二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量要下降3%，重点地区pm2.5浓度要继续下降；推行生态环境损失赔偿制度，完善生态补偿机制；推动钢铁等行业超低排放改造；开展柴油货车超标排放专项治理；全面整治黑臭水体；严禁“洋垃圾”入境……
全国人大代表、西安工程大学校长高岭说，生态环境改善是各方面协作的结果，只要久久为功，污染防治攻坚战就一定能打好，建设天蓝、地绿、水清的美丽中国一定能实现。
民生改善涌动“新亮点”
今年房地产市场怎么调控？消费者“舌尖上的安全”怎样守护？中小学生课外负担重怎么破解？报告用相当长的篇幅，回应了人民群众的普遍关切。
以房地产调控为例，报告再次明确坚持房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的定位，落实地方主体责任，继续实行差别化调控，建立健全长效机制，促进房地产市场平稳健康发展。报告还提出提高个人所得税起征点，增加子女教育、大病医疗等专项费用扣除，合理减负。
全国人大代表、甘肃陇南徽县“陇上庄园”淘宝网店负责人梁倩娟说，报告充分体现以人民为中心的发展思想，促进创业就业、发展公平而有质量的教育、解决好群众住房问题等都切中老百姓的需求。
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