雄安新区面积排国家级新区第五 专家预计20年可建成-7411威尼斯
发布时间：
2017-04-05
从1992年10月起，第一个国家级新区落户浦东后，25年来，中国已成立19个国家级新区，国家级新区已经成为区域经济发展的重要路径。
从1992年10月起，第一个国家级新区落户浦东后，25年来，中国已成立19个国家级新区，国家级新区已经成为区域经济发展的重要路径。
4月1日，河北雄安新区震撼登场，将分三个阶段建成2000平方公里的规划目标，这与以浦东为代表的其他国家级新区相比，有怎样的独到之处呢？对此，《每日经济新闻》记者进行了采访。
4月1日，河北雄安新区震撼登场，将分三个阶段建成2000平方公里的规划目标，这与以浦东为代表的其他国家级新区相比，有怎样的独到之处呢？对此，《每日经济新闻》记者进行了采访。
雄安新区位置示意图
新区面积远大于北京城六区
雄安新区规划建设以特定区域为起步区先行开发，起步区面积约100平方公里，中期发展区面积约200平方公里，远期控制区面积约2000平方公里。
这三个面积是怎样的概念？公开资料显示，北京市东城区和西城区覆盖了整个北京二环区域，这两个城区面积加总为93平方公里，尚不足雄安新区的起步区面积。
而包括北京东西城在内的城六区，面积加总为1381平方公里，远小于雄安新区所规划的2000平方公里。
相对于此前的18个国家级新区，从陆地面积规模上看，雄安新区仅次于滨海新区、西海岸新区、金普新区和江北新区，位列第五大新区。
需要指出的是，雄安新区是2015年以来第二个面积达到2000平方公里的国家级新区，仅次于2015年6月批复的江北新区，其面积为2451平方公里。
从2015年9月批复面积482平方公里的滇中新区以来，国家批复的哈尔滨新区、长春新区、赣江新区的面积都在500平方公里以内。
首次明确分阶段建设时间表
在面积2000平方公里左右的国家级新区中，按照起步区、中期发展区、远期控制区进行新区建设规划的并不多见。
《每日经济新闻》记者查阅资料发现，仅有2015年9月获批的福州新区，国务院曾提出了其初期规划面积800平方公里的表述，但并未明确未来面积规模及分期建设时间表。
其他新区在批复时一般都直接设定规划面积，以距离雄安新区最近被批复的赣江新区为例。国务院给出的批复函就直接阐述称：江西赣江新区范围包括南昌市青山湖区、新建区和共青城市、永修县的部分区域，规划面积465平方公里。
而在赣江新区的建设上，国务院批复函也并未提及关于分期建设和时间周期的具体要求。
最大区位优势是毗邻北京
在目前19个国家级新区中，除兰州新区等个别新区与雄安新区一样属于内陆外，绝大部分新区处于沿海地带或毗邻大江大河。
雄县、安新县和容城县均处于冀中平原，绝大多数地区海拔在50米以下，资源环境承载力较强，现有开发程度较低。
而雄安新区最大的区位优势就在于和京津的地理联系，雄县和容城县与北京的距离都在110公里左右，且交通通达。
安新县北距北京市162公里，相比其他两县要远一些，但交通却很方便。京港澳高速、荣乌高速、京昆高速、保沧—保阜高速在安新县周边互通连接，形成高速外环，且安新县拥有丰富的水利资源，“华北明珠”白洋淀就处于安新县境内。
多位接受《每日经济新闻》记者采访的专家均表示，相比于其他十几个国家新区，其最大的区位优势就是靠近北京。非首都职能的集中承载地，只此一点就决定了它的高起点。
用河北工业大学教授张贵的话来说，与一般的国家级新区相比，雄安新区的国家定位不一样，直接对标深圳特区和浦东新区，战略定位要远远高于一般的国家级新区。
专家称建设周期较长
作为高起点建设的千年大计，雄安新区未来人口规模和经济总量将是怎样的规模？先看两个可做参考系的例子。
同样作为北方内陆地区的国家级新区兰州新区，其占地面积1700平方公里，2012年8月获批。数据显示，2011年至2016年，兰州新区累计完成生产总值536亿元，年均增长30.89%，是2010年底的9.7倍。
根据兰州新区“十三五”规划，地区生产总值年均增长20%以上。同时，兰州新区的总体规划显示，2020年，新区城市人口规模60万人，2030年，新区城市人口规模100万人。
再以同在京津冀的滨海新区为例，滨海新区在2005年开始被写入“十一五”规划并纳入国家发展战略，其总面积2270平方公里，常住人口目前为297万。
中国社科院工业经济研究所研究员、中国区域经济学会副会长兼秘书长陈耀认为，从周期来看，起步区即使是100平方公里建设也需要一个非常长的周期，从动工到完成要10年左右的周期，完全建成2000平方公里的远期控制区需要20年，到时候将会建立起200万人口规模的城市。
这与张贵的看法差不多。张贵认为，雄安新区2030年可以基本建成100平方公里的起步区，完全建成2000平方公里的控制区，应该会和天津的滨海新区人口规模类似，在200万与300万之间。
小资料
◎雄安新区规划建设以特定区域为起步区先行开发，起步区面积约100平方公里，中期发展区面积约200平方公里，远期控制区面积约2000平方公里。
◎雄安新区最大的区位优势就在于和京津的地理联系，雄县和容城县与北京的距离都在110公里左右，且交通通达。京港澳高速、荣乌高速、京昆高速、保沧—保阜高速在安新县周边互通连接，形成高速外环。
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