住房和城乡建设部等6部门印发指导意见 加快推行工程担保制度-7411威尼斯
发布时间：
2019-07-22
日前，住房和城乡建设部、国家发展和改革委员会等6部门印发《关于加快推进房屋建筑和市政基础设施工程实行工程担保制度的指导意见》，进一步优化营商环境，强化事中事后监管，保障工程建设各方主体合法权益。
工程担保是转移、分担、防范和化解工程风险的重要措施,是市场信用体系的主要支撑，是保障工程质量安全的有效手段。当前，建筑市场存在工程防风险能力不强、履约纠纷频发及工程欠款、欠薪屡禁不止等问题，亟须通过完善工程担保应用机制加以解决。
为此，指导意见提出，要通过加快推进实施工程担保制度，推进建筑业供给侧结构性改革，激发市场主体活力，创新建筑市场监管方式，适应建筑业“走出去”发展需求。加快推行投标担保、履约担保、工程质量保证担保和农民工工资支付担保。到2020年，各类保证金的保函替代率明显提升；工程担保保证人的风险识别、风险控制能力显著增强；银行信用额度约束力、建设单位及建筑业企业履约能力全面提升。
指导意见要求，要分类实施工程担保制度。一要推行工程保函替代保证金。加快推行银行保函制度，在有条件的地区推行工程担保公司保函和工程保证保险。严格落实国务院清理规范工程建设领域保证金的工作要求，对于投标保证金、履约保证金、工程质量保证金、农民工工资保证金，建筑业企业可以保函的方式缴纳。严禁任何单位和部门将现金保证金挪作他用，保证金到期应当及时予以退还。
二要大力推行投标担保。对于投标人在投标有效期内撤销投标文件、中标后在规定期限内不签订合同或未在规定的期限内提交履约担保等行为，鼓励将其纳入投标保函的保证范围进行索赔。招标人到期不按规定退还投标保证金及银行同期存款利息或投标保函的，应作为不良行为记入信用记录。
三要着力推行履约担保。招标文件要求中标人提交履约担保的，中标人应当按照招标文件的要求提交。招标人要求中标人提供履约担保的，应当同时向中标人提供工程款支付担保。建设单位和建筑业企业应当加强工程风险防控能力建设。工程担保保证人应当不断提高专业化承保能力，增强风险识别能力，认真开展保中、保后管理，及时做好预警预案，并在违约发生后按保函约定及时代为履行或承担损失赔付责任。
四要强化工程质量保证银行保函应用。以银行保函替代工程质量保证金的，银行保函金额不得超过工程价款结算总额的3%。在工程项目竣工前，已经缴纳履约保证金的，建设单位不得同时预留工程质量保证金。建设单位到期未退还保证金的，应作为不良行为记入信用记录。
五要推进农民工工资支付担保应用。农民工工资支付保函全部采用具有见索即付性质的独立保函，并实行差别化管理。对被纳入拖欠农民工工资“黑名单”的施工企业，实施失信联合惩戒。工程担保保证人应不断提升专业能力，提前预控农民工工资支付风险。各地住房和城乡建设主管部门要会同人力资源和社会保障部门加快应用建筑工人实名制平台，加强对农民工合法权益保障力度，推进建筑工人产业化进程。
为了促进工程担保市场健康发展，指导意见还对加强风险控制能力建设、创新监督管理方式、完善风险防控机制、加强建筑市场监管、加大信息公开力度、推进信用体系建设等提出了明确要求。
6部门要求，各地有关部门要依据职责明确分工，明晰工作目标，健全工作机制，完善配套政策，落实工作责任。加大对工程担保保证人的动态监管，不断提升保证人专业能力，防范化解工程风险。 同时，通过多种形式积极做好工程担保的宣传工作，切实发挥工程担保防范和化解工程风险的作用。
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