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7411威尼斯-003399威尼斯

住建部发布危险性较大的分部分项工程施工要点-7411威尼斯

发布时间：

2017-06-16

各省、自治区住房城乡建设厅，直辖市建委，新疆生产建设兵团建设局：

　　为加强房屋建筑和市政基础设施工程中起重机械、基坑工程等危险性较大的分部分项工程安全管理，有效遏制建筑施工群死群伤事故的发生，根据有关规章制度和标准规范，我司组织制定了起重机械安装拆卸作业、起重机械使用、基坑工程、脚手架、模板支架等五项危险性较大的分部分项工程施工安全要点（见附件）。现印发给你们，请结合今年“安全生产月”活动部署和工作实际，督促建筑施工企业制作标牌悬挂在施工现场显著位置，并严格贯彻执行。

　　附件：

　　1．起重机械安装拆卸作业安全要点

　　2．起重机械使用安全要点

　　3．基坑工程施工安全要点

　　4．脚手架施工安全要点

　　5．模板支架施工安全要点

中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部安全生产管理委员会办公室
2017年5月31日

起重机械安装拆卸作业安全要点

一、起重机械安装拆卸作业必须按照规定编制、审核专项施工方案，超过一定规模的要组织专家论证。

二、起重机械安装拆卸单位必须具有相应的资质和安全生产许可证，严禁无资质、超范围从事起重机械安装拆卸作

三、起重机械安装拆卸人员、起重机械司机、信号司索工必须取得建筑施工特种作业人员操作资格证书。

四、起重机械安装拆卸作业前，安装拆卸单位应当按照要求办理安装拆卸告知手续。

五、起重机械安装拆卸作业前，应当向现场管理人员和作业人员进行安全技术交底。

六、起重机械安装拆卸作业要严格按照专项施工方案组织实施，相关管理人员必须在现场监督，发现不按照专项施工方案施工的，应当要求立即整改。

七、起重机械的顶升、附着作业必须由具有相应资质的安装单位严格按照专项施工方案实施。

八、遇大风、大雾、大雨、大雪等恶劣天气，严禁起重机械安装、拆卸和顶升作业。

九、塔式起重机顶升前，应将回转下支座与顶升套架可靠连接，并应进行配平。顶升过程中，应确保平衡，不得进行起升、回转、变幅等操作。顶升结束后，应将标准节与回转下支座可靠连接。

十、起重机械加节后需进行附着的，应按照先装附着装置、后顶升加节的顺序进行。附着装置必须符合标准规范要求。拆卸作业时应先降节，后拆除附着装置。

十一、辅助起重机械的起重性能必须满足吊装要求，安全装置必须齐全有效，吊索具必须安全可靠，场地必须符合作业要求。

十二、起重机械安装完毕及附着作业后，应当按规定进行自检、检验和验收，验收合格后方可投入使用。

起重机械使用安全要点

一、起重机械使用单位必须建立机械设备管理制度，并配备专职设备管理人员。

二、起重机械安装验收合格后应当办理使用登记，在机械设备活动范围内设置明显的安全警示标志。

三、起重机械司机、信号司索工必须取得建筑施工特种作业人员操作资格证书。

四、起重机械使用前，应当向作业人员进行安全技术交底。

五、起重机械操作人员必须严格遵守起重机械安全操作规程和标准规范要求，严禁违章指挥、违规作业。

六、遇大风、大雾、大雨、大雪等恶劣天气，不得使用起重机械。

七、起重机械应当按规定进行维修、维护和保养，设备管理人员应当按规定对机械设备进行检查，发现隐患及时整改。

八、起重机械的安全装置、连接螺栓必须齐全有效，结构件不得开焊和开裂，连接件不得严重磨损和塑性变形，零部件不得达到报废标准。

九、两台以上塔式起重机在同一现场交叉作业时，应当制定塔式起重机防碰撞措施。任意两台塔式起重机之间的最小架设距离应符合规范要求。

十、塔式起重机使用时，起重臂和吊物下方严禁有人员停留。物件吊运时，严禁从人员上方通过。

基坑工程施工安全要点

一、基坑工程必须按照规定编制、审核专项施工方案，超过一定规模的深基坑工程要组织专家论证。基坑支护必须进行专项设计。

二、基坑工程施工企业必须具有相应的资质和安全生产许可证，严禁无资质、超范围从事基坑工程施工。

三、基坑施工前，应当向现场管理人员和作业人员进行安全技术交底。

四、基坑施工要严格按照专项施工方案组织实施，相关管理人员必须在现场进行监督，发现不按照专项施工方案施工的，应当要求立即整改。

五、基坑施工必须采取有效措施，保护基坑主要影响区范围内的建（构）筑物和地下管线安全。

六、基坑周边施工材料、设施或车辆荷载严禁超过设计要求的地面荷载限值。

七、基坑周边应按要求采取临边防护措施，设置作业人员上下专用通道。

八、基坑施工必须采取基坑内外地表水和地下水控制措施，防止出现积水和漏水漏沙。汛期施工，应当对施工现场排水系统进行检查和维护，保证排水畅通。

九、基坑施工必须做到先支护后开挖，严禁超挖，及时回填。采取支撑的支护结构未达到拆除条件时严禁拆除支撑。

十、基坑工程必须按照规定实施施工监测和第三方监测，指定专人对基坑周边进行巡视，出现危险征兆时应当立即报警。

脚手架施工安全要点

一、脚手架工程必须按照规定编制、审核专项施工方案，超过一定规模的要组织专家论证。

二、脚手架搭设、拆除单位必须具有相应的资质和安全生产许可证，严禁无资质从事脚手架搭设、拆除作业

三、脚手架搭设、拆除人员必须取得建筑施工特种作业人员操作资格证书。

四、脚手架搭设、拆除前，应当向现场管理人员和作业人员进行安全技术交底。

五、脚手架材料进场使用前，必须按规定进行验收，未经验收或验收不合格的严禁使用。

六、脚手架搭设、拆除要严格按照专项施工方案组织实施，相关管理人员必须在现场进行监督，发现不按照专项施工方案施工的，应当要求立即整改。

七、脚手架外侧以及悬挑式脚手架、附着升降脚手架底层应当封闭严密。

八、脚手架必须按专项施工方案设置剪刀撑和连墙件。落地式脚手架搭设场地必须平整坚实。严禁在脚手架上超载堆放材料，严禁将模板支架、缆风绳、泵送混凝土和砂浆的输送管等固定在架体上。

九、脚手架搭设必须分阶段组织验收，验收合格的，方可投入使用。

十、脚手架拆除必须由上而下逐层进行，严禁上下同时作业。连墙件应当随脚手架逐层拆除，严禁先将连墙件整层或数层拆除后再拆脚手架。

模板支架施工安全要点

一、模板支架工程必须按照规定编制、审核专项施工方案，超过一定规模的要组织专家论证。

二、模板支架搭设、拆除单位必须具有相应的资质和安全生产许可证，严禁无资质从事模板支架搭设、拆除作业。

三、模板支架搭设、拆除人员必须取得建筑施工特种作业人员操作资格证书。

四、模板支架搭设、拆除前，应当向现场管理人员和作业人员进行安全技术交底。

五、模板支架材料进场验收前，必须按规定进行验收，未经验收或验收不合格的严禁使用。

六、模板支架搭设、拆除要严格按照专项施工方案组织实施，相关管理人员必须在现场进行监督，发现不按照专项施工方案施工的，应当要求立即整改。

七、模板支架搭设场地必须平整坚实。必须按专项施工方案设置纵横向水平杆、扫地杆和剪刀撑；立杆顶部自由端高度、顶托螺杆伸出长度严禁超出专项施工方案要求。

八、模板支架搭设完毕应当组织验收，验收合格的，方可铺设模板。

九、混凝土浇筑时，必须按照专项施工方案规定的顺序进行，应当指定专人对模板支架进行监测，发现架体存在坍塌风险时应当立即组织作业人员撤离现场。

十、混凝土强度必须达到规范要求，并经监理单位确认后方可拆除模板支架。模板支架拆除应从上而下逐层进行。

前5月我国对外建筑业投资增长近九成

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